Phenolic Compound Profile of Apilarnil Extract: A Potential Source for Functional Food and Pharmaceutical Applications

Apilarnil is a bioactive bee product derived from male bee larvae and is recognized as a potential source of bioactive compounds for functional food and pharmaceutical applications. It contains proteins, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and various bioactive components, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, data on its phenolic compound profile and biological effects remain limited. This study aims to determine the phenolic compound profile of Apilarnil extract. The extraction was performed using a 75% ethanol–water solution, and the quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds was conducted using the LC-MS/MS method. The results revealed that the extract is particularly rich in chlorogenic acid (29.863 mg/g), p-coumaric acid (6.08 mg/g), and quercetin (3.023 mg/g). The findings indicate that Apilarnil is a valuable natural product rich in phenolic compounds and may serve as a promising source of bioactive compounds for functional food and pharmaceutical applications. This study represents one of the first comprehensive evaluations of the phenolic compound profile of Apilarnil, providing key scientific data on its biological and commercial potential.