Thermal Ablation Simulation of Sphere Arcjet Model for Quartz Material

In this paper, a thermal ablation simulation method for a sphere arcjet model applied to quartz material is proposed. This method is an extension of the moving particle semi-implicit method (MPS), which was used for calculating free mobility. Moreover, the method simulates heat transfer, solid–liquid phase changes, molten layer flow, evaporation, and condensation processes in quartz material under aerodynamic heating conditions. To account for changes in heat flux distribution due to ablative morphology, a heat flux distribution correction method based on heat flux distribution for a hemisphere by Lees is proposed. The ablative recession at the stagnation point and the ablative morphology of the sphere arcjet model were verified using experimental results for quartz material. Thus, the extended particle method accurately simulates both the ablative recession and surface morphology of the quartz material. This paper presents a new simulation method for calculating the high-temperature thermal response of quartz material. Compared to the original algorithm, this new method solves the total Navier–Stokes equations and continuity equation using the particle method, allowing it to consider unsteady effects. This method provides meaningful insights into simulating the ablative morphology of quartz material.