This perspective article discusses nanomaterials' role in bioinks for 3D printed biomineralization-enabled composites, highlighting their benefits in mechanical reinforcement and microbial growth.
In the past decades, biomineralization-enabled structural composites with self-healing and self-growing properties have attracted significant amounts of attention from the research community. In this perspective article, we recapitulate the state of the art of biomineralization-enabled structural composites, its recent advances into 3D printing, and point out that nanomaterials may possess distinctive advantages to be included in the bioink, due to their remarkable effect on mechanical reinforcement and positive influence on microbial growth and biomineralization efficiency.
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Jin et al. (2025) studied this question.
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