The Historical Evolution of Ideological and Political Education in Russia and Its Practical Implications

Ideological and political education in Russia has traversed four thematic stages of historical change: the “germination” of the late-Tsarist and Provisional-Government periods, the “development” of the Soviet era, the “collapse” in late- and post-Soviet times, and the “reconstruction” in the new Russian period. Within these stages, ideological and political education in Russia evolved through seven sub-themes: embryonic form—systematization and maturation—vacuum and alienation—return and reconstruction. Anchored in the new era, this evolution offers practical implications for China’s construction of ideological and political education that is both distinctly Chinese and attuned to the times.