Deep Learning-Enhanced Nanozyme-Based Biosensors for Next-Generation Medical Diagnostics

The integration of deep learning (DL) and nanozyme-based biosensing has emerged as a transformative strategy for next-generation medical diagnostics. This review explores how DL architectures enhance nanozyme design, functional optimization, and predictive modeling by elucidating catalytic mechanisms such as dual-atom active sites and substrate-surface interactions. Key applications include disease biomarker detection, medical imaging enhancement, and point-of-care diagnostics aligned with the ASSURED criteria. In clinical contexts, advances such as wearable biosensors and smart diagnostic platforms leverage DL for real-time signal processing, pattern recognition, and adaptive decision-making. Despite significant progress, challenges remain—particularly the need for standardized biomedical datasets, improved model robustness across diverse populations, and the clinical translation of artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced nanozyme systems. Future directions include integration with the Internet of Medical Things, personalized medicine frameworks, and sustainable sensor development. The convergence of nanozymes and DL offers unprecedented opportunities to advance intelligent biosensing and reshape precision diagnostics in healthcare.