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This systematic review finds that dietary factors and lifestyle choices impact academic achievement in children, indicating the need for improved home food environments.
Background: Academic achievement is crucial for public health concerns because it significantly impacts future academic success. However, the factors influencing the academic achievement of children and adolescents remain unclear. Objectives: To synthesize and critically evaluate the findings of systematic review on the factors influencing academic achievement in children and adolescents through meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted from different databases for meta-analysis. Articles were extracted from scholar.google.com, Pubmed.com, eric.ed.gov, Elicit.com, sematicscholar.com to identify related studies published between 2015 to 2025 using PRISMA flow diagram. Approximately 120 full text papers were initially identified. Among them, irrelevant papers were excluded. After screening 12 studies, met the inclusion criteria, which were included in meta-analysis of this review. Selected articles and results of them were examined and synthesized in sub headings through thematic analysis. Results: This study showed that out of total, 83.33% articles used cross-sectional and 16.67% used longitudinal research design in this reviewed study. The majority (25%) of healthy home food environment and breakfast were found as the influencing factors of academic achievement followed by poverty and sedentary life styles, proceed food, energy dense diet, balance diet, fruits and vegetables, Mediterranean diet, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory diet were found 25%, 16.67%, 16.67%. 8.33% and 8.33% respectively as the influencing factors of academic achievement of children and adolescents. Conclusion: The study concluded that academic achievement of children and adolescents is influenced by various factors. Mainly the dietary intake home food environment and breakfast as well as poverty and life styles. Even though, the rigorous design, control of biases and confounding variables are necessary to conform this association.
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Adhikari et al. (2025) studied this question.
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