Characterization of Drainage Basin Parameters for River Basin Management: A Case Study of the Bihar River, Central India

The morphological attributes of a river basin, encompassing its structural configuration, longitudinal profile, drainage network, and topographical features, are essential for an in-depth understanding of its dynamic processes. The prevailing global environmental issues demand an extensive evaluation of river hydro-morphology and watershed management to formulate efficacious tactics for sustainable development. Hydrogeomorphic assessment of the Bihar River basin was conducted by utilizing satellite data (SRTM) in combination with geospatial technology in order to improve the quantitative management of the drainage basin and to optimize groundwater potential for the purposes of watershed advancement. This basin is characterized by minimal surface runoff, well-developed geomorphological features, significant infiltration capacity, and reduced erosional potential, exhibiting a dendritic drainage configuration, northwestern elongation, and an increased prevalence of its first-order streams, all indicative of favorable conditions for aquifer recharge. The riverine network and gradient are precisely designed to enhance sediment transport and manage excess flow, thereby increasing susceptibility to flooding in the lower basin. Furthermore, on the basis of analysis of above parameters, this study infers that the north-western elongation of the river basin and partial tilting of its left bank may be the signature of neo-tectonic activity which may be ascertained by further detail investigation.