Genotype and protein-rich diet leave their substantive influence on reproduction as well as biochemical parameters in Drosophila ananassae

The effect of food on insect reproduction and survival is a critical aspect of their ecology and biology. In this study, genetically varied isofemale lines of Drosophila ananassae were reared on the normal food ingredients and food containing a high content of protein (10% yeast) to observe the impact of elevated doses of yeast on the four major aspects, i.e., mating propensity, fecundity, pupation height preference, and biochemical parameters. The results suggest that flies reared on a high dose of protein were significantly more successful in mating and fecundity than the control lines. Pupation height preference is one of the genetically as well as environmentally influenced pre -adult traits that may determine the survival chance of the fly. The third instar larvae reared on elevated content of protein always preferred to pupate significantly away from the food surface, a behavior indicating to search drier areas for pupation. Flies reared on high protein diets show increased protein and other bio-molecules, potentially converting excess protein into glucose and triglyceride to meet body energy needs. An increase in glucose and triglyceride levels suggests that excess dietary protein is converted into glucose and fatty acids. This indicates the presence of biochemical pathways in insects like Drosophila that regulate nutrient balance by transforming surplus nutrients to maintain biochemical homeostasis. The investigation suggests that Drosophila, a semelparous insect, requires a high protein dose for optimal reproductive activities, a key characteristic of organisms exhibiting rselection. Index Terms: Nutrition, development, survival, mating propensity, fecundity, pupation height preference, and biochemical parameters.