Pulmonary Cystic Adenomatoid Malformations in Children: A 10-Year Retrospective Study and Literature Review

Background: Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare developmental anomaly. While antenatal imaging improves detection, optimal postnatal management remains debated. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 9 pediatric patients who underwent surgical treatment for CPAM between 2014 and 2024. Data included demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, histopathology, surgical approach, and outcomes. Results: Two cases were diagnosed antenatally. The most common presentation was recurrent infection. All patients underwent thoracotomy and resection. Histopathology showed a predominance of type I CPAM. No mortality was reported. Conclusions: CPAM requires early diagnosis and planned surgical intervention to prevent complications. Antenatal screening and postnatal follow-up are essential. Outcomes after surgery are excellent.