Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus in Women - The Impact on Quality of Life, Sexual and Mental Health

Objective: Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic, inflammatory dermatosis that affects women. Physical symptoms and their treatment are well-documented, while the psychological impact requires further research. This review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge about quality of life, sexual health, and mental health amongst women with VLS. Methods: PubMed and ScienceDirect were systematically searched for studies published between 2014 and 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on original research assessing quality of life, sexual function, depression, or anxiety in women diagnosed with VLS. Studies not in English or Polish, lacking full-text availability, or without original data were excluded. Data was extracted and synthesized narratively. Key Findings: Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) significantly affects women’s quality of life, particularly in domains related to sexual and psychological well-being. Common challenges include diminished self-worth, decreased relationship satisfaction, and a higher presence of depressive symptoms. Anxiety is also frequently reported. In the most advanced cases, patients declared suicidal ideation. Women with VLS experience feelings of isolation and shame, often turning to online forums for information and emotional support. Conclusion: VLS has an impact on psychological and sexual function, mental health, and quality of life. This review emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing psychological impairments in conjunction with physical symptoms and the need for a multidisciplinary strategy in the management of VLS. Further research needs to focus on the psychological and sexual aspects of lichen sclerosus in women.