Proteomic analysis of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells in children with acquired non-severe aplasia anemia

Abstract Objective Acquired aplastic anemia is a bone marrow failure disease caused by various factors, particularly immune disorders. In order to understand the the pathogenesis of non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA), we employed label-free proteomic methods to characterize the proteomic features of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from peripheral blood samples of pediatric patients with NSAA. Method Through comprehensive and individual analyses, we divided the proteomic results of 6 NSAA patients and 6 healthy controls into 7 analysis groups. Group T compared the proteomes of all 6 NSAA patients with those of the healthy controls, while Groups 1–6 individually compared each NSAA patient with their respective control. Result Our findings indicate that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in each group are primarily enriched in GO-BP and KEGG pathways associated with essential cellular functions such as replication, transcription, translation, RNA metabolism, protein degradation, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, amino acid synthesis, etc. Notably, DEPs identified through protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were also predominantly linked to housekeeping functions relevant to NSAA pathogenesis. Additionally, Group R represents an analysis subset comprising DEPs