Commentary: Factors affecting the knowledge levels, awareness, attitudes, and behaviors of family physicians about child abuse and neglect in Turkiye and changes in them with the training provided

Child abuse and neglect (CAaN) remain under-recognized in primary care settings globally despite their lifelong detrimental impacts. Bayraktar et al. conducted a pivotal intervention demonstrating significant improvement in Turkish family physicians' knowledge and awareness through structured in-service training. This commentary situates their findings within broader international evidence, highlighting (1) the rarity of pre-post intervention studies among primary care physicians, (2) their impressive large effect sizes (Cohen's d > 2.0 across domains), and (3) existing global gaps in standardizing CAaN training content, follow-up implementation, and medico-legal protection protocols. Further, it identifies unaddressed dimensions including interprofessional collaboration, culturally tailored communication techniques for disclosure, digital decision-support integration, and longitudinal tracking of reporting behaviors post-training. The study sets a foundation for embedding mandatory recurrent CAaN training within family medicine curricula and health system policy. Future studies should adopt mixed-methods and multisite designs to assess long-term behavioral outcomes and child protection efficacy.