Pathogenesis and histological diagnostics of gerd, nerd and barrett’s esophagus

Since inflammatory diseases and precancerous lesions of esophagus require clinico-morphological diagnostics, it includes histological verification of endoscopic lesions in line with specific protocols of biopsy taking according to endoscopic findings and expected diagnosis. This review elucidates pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) specter and focuses on detailed features of histologic diagnostics of Barrett’s esophagus and Barrett’s dysplasia. Precise histologic diagnosis in this group of patients implies appropriate treatment and defines prognosis.