Design of a Robust Graphene Oxide–Palladium Porphyrin Catalyst for the Selective and Sustainable Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers

Abstract Diaryl ethers are valuable motifs in pharmaceuticals and natural products, motivating the search for efficient and sustainable synthesis methods. We introduce a graphene oxide–supported palladium porphyrin nanocatalyst (GO-CPTMS@Pd-TKHPP) for the O-arylation of phenols. The catalyst exhibited high stability and activity, delivering diverse diaryl ethers in excellent yields (90–98%) under mild conditions. This study highlights GO-CPTMS@Pd-TKHPP as a practical and green platform for scalable diaryl ether synthesis.