National solid waste policy: challenges and opportunities in sustainable management in Guaratuba, Paraná

This article analyzes solid waste management in Brazil under the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), established by Law No. 12.305/2010. It highlights the importance of shared responsibility and the challenges in implementing the PNRS, focusing on the municipality of Guaratuba, Paraná. The qualitative study is based on a bibliographic review and a case study. The results indicate progress in public awareness and selective waste collection, particularly in the South and Southeast, but also highlight challenges in Guaratuba, such as insufficient infrastructure to handle increased waste generation during the peak tourist season. It concludes that, despite progress, the PNRS still requires greater coordination and investment in infrastructure, technological innovation, and environmental education to ensure sustainability and efficiency in solid waste management in Brazil.