Barrier Analysis for Green Supply Chain Management Implementation in the Chocolate Industry: A Case Study in East Java, Indonesia

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is a relatively new approach in industrial supply chain management that integrates environmental concerns into supply chain management, increasing awareness of the importance of environmental aspects for developing an industry's business in the future. The primary purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the barriers to GSCM implementation in the chocolate industry in East Java, Indonesia. This study was conducted in three chocolate industries representing the East Java chocolate industry, including Dusun Kakao Banyuwangi, Mojopahit Mojokerto, and Kampung Cokelat Blitar. This study employs a SWOT analysis to identify barriers to GSCM implementation by examining both internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats). To determine the priority hierarchy of barriers that need to be addressed immediately in implementing GSCM using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). The study results indicate that financial constraints, technological constraints, and internal resistance to change are the most influential factors inhibiting the adoption of GSCM in the chocolate industry. Collaboration and synergy among stakeholders, investment in green technologies, and effective regulatory frameworks are essential to addressing these challenges. This study offers strategic recommendations for sustainable supply chain management, particularly in developing countries, within the chocolate industry. The findings also highlight the need for future research to investigate the long-term effects of GSCM implementation and its scalability in other sectors.