Dandyism at the Crossroads of Rebellion and Conservatism in Benjamin Disraeli's novel «Vivian Grey»

This article analyzes the novel «Vivian Grey» by British writer and politician B. Disraeli, first published in 1826. The work is valuable as a source about dandyism, since the main character, V. Gray, embodies the image of a dandy. The key features and principles of dandyism are explored, including a unique style, external aesthetics and code of conduct («To be surprised at nothing», «To remain impassive, to strike with surprise», «To leave as soon as an impression has been achieved»), as well as value content (Individualism, personalism, striving for freedom, specific elitism). A historical comparative method is used to identify the similarities and differences between the image of the dandy in the novel and historical examples (D. Brummell, D. Byron, A. d'Orsay and B. Disraeli himself). The article analyzes the ideological content of dandyism in the context of the political and legal thought of Europe at the end of the XVII – the first half of the XIX century. The character of V. Gray is also compared with his author, B. Disraeli. The originality of the study lies in the rarity of analyzing the socio-cultural movement of dandies in connection with changes in class and estate structures, as well as the political and legal culture of Europe during this period. The study demonstrates the path of dandyism from individualistic rebellion to revolutionary dictatorship, overcoming internal philosophical contradictions. By his personal example, dandy demonstrates the rejection of cultural forms and traditions of the Old Order, raising a cultural and domestic uprising, often dictated by social resentment. This culture is saturated with a liberal spirit that encourages self-expression and free thinking, but conservative tendencies can overshadow the thirst for freedom when the desire for power prevails over true values.