Running Shoes for Desert Marathons: A Biomimetic Approach Inspired by the Camel

This study explores the development of a sports shoe for marathons in desert environments, inspired by the morphology of camel feet. The aim is to design a sneaker that provides greater stability, comfort, and efficiency for runners on sandy terrain, minimizing sinking into the sand and optimizing athletic performance. The research followed a biomimetic approach, involving literature review, material analysis, prototyping, and ergonomic testing. The shoe design was based on structural principles of the camel's anatomy, incorporating an expandable sole, a high-absorption gel insole, and an upper made of neoprene and hydrophobic polyester. Tests showed that the expandable sole with air pockets significantly reduced sinking in the sand, while the gel insole improved impact absorption. The upper enhanced protection against sand entry and promoted ventilation, increasing thermal comfort. The application of biomimicry in sports design proved to be a promising solution to improve runner performance in desert marathons. Although initial results were positive, further studies should include extended field testing to validate and refine the shoe's performance under real conditions.