Nepenthes-Inspired Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces on Gold Coatings with Dendritic Fluorinated Gold Nanosheets for Long-Lasting Anticoagulation and Antimicrobial Applications

The construction of perfluoropolyether (PFPE) slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) on gold coatings is one of the most effective strategies for bestowing anticoagulation and antimicrobial properties on the material. However, the poor chemical affinity between fluorinated porous precursors and gold substrates causes the agglomeration of nanostructures, resulting in uneven nanoporous morphology and accelerating lubricant leakage. Simultaneously, the weak interfacial adhesion between the nanostructures and the substrate may lead to the detachment of nanostructures under blood circulation. Herein, fluorinated gold nanoporous structures exhibiting uniform morphology were tethered on gold coatings via metallic bonding. The vertically aligned dendritic gold frameworks were prepared via in situ chloroauric acid disproportionation, which avoided agglomeration and served as the nanoporous structure. Fluorinated alkyl chains were covalently grafted onto the nanostructures with no considerable influence on morphology. The nanostructures showed no severe damage after 20 min of ultrasonication and 14 days of saline immersion. No significant lubricant leakage was detected after 24 h of in vitro blood circulation. The SLIPS significantly resisted the adhesion of thrombocytes and plasma proteins and suppressed biofilm formation. Histological evaluation showed significantly reduced inflammatory responses and cell infiltration at surgical margins.