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This research demonstrates a non-perturbative response function in quantum systems, highlighting Kubo's formula through scattering theory.
We study the response of a quantum system induced by a collision with a quantum particle, using the time-independent framework of scattering theory. After deriving the dynamical map for the quantum system, we show that it encodes a non-perturbative response function obeying a general fluctuation-dissipation relation. We show that Kubo's formula emerges autonomously in the Born approximation, where the time-dependent perturbation is determined by particle's evolution through the potential region.
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Jacob et al. (2025) studied this question.
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