Is polymorphism inmetalloproteinases arisk factor for implantosseointegration failure?

Aim: This study aimed to analyze if polymorphisms of metalloproteinases can influence endosseous implants’ osseointegration failure. Methods: This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020172108). The literature search was performed on Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo, BVS (LILACS and BVS Odontology), and Cochrane Controlled Trials databases. The gray literature and a manual search in periodicals of specific relevance to dentistry and the orthopedics field were also performed. Two calibrated reviewers read all titles and abstracts of the articles and selected those related to the theme. Then, the authors reviewed the full selected articles, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were related to the type of study design, article language, and population characteristics. The quality of individual studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A meta-analysis was performed using the MetaGenyo software to analyze the association between MMP SNPs and the risk of implant osseointegration failure. The Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Random Effects Model (REM) were used depending on the amount of heterogeneity in the data. Results: Three hundred ninety-seven articles were screened, and nine studies were selected for the meta-analysis. The MMP-1 g.-1607 G>GG (rs1799750) is statistically associated with osseointegration failure as a protective factor (OR=0.15, 95% CI=0.05-0.45). The MMP-8 g.- 799 C>T (rs11225395) is associated with a higher risk of implant osseointegration failure (OR=3.07, 95% CI=2.02-4.67). The MMP-1 g. 3’ UTR C>T (rs5854) is associated with a higher risk of implant failure only in the Caucasian population (OR=6.88, 95% CI=3.48-13.59) while in the Asian population is a protective factor (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.17-0.74). Finally, the MMP-3 g.-1612 5A>6A (rs3025058) and MMP-1 g.-519 A>G (rs1144393) showed no association with osseointegration failure. Conclusion: Even considering the limitations, our study suggests that some polymorphisms of metalloproteinases can be involved in the risk of osseointegration failure.