Transvaginal Sonographic Evaluation of Endometrial Parameters Using Applebaum Scoring in Prediction of Implantation in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Aims: To evaluate the role of Applebaum endometrial scoring via transvaginal sonography in predicting implantation in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. A case-control study was conducted at J.J.M. Medical College, Davanagere, including Patients And Methods: 80 women—40 with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and 40 age-matched controls. Transvaginal sonography with color Doppler was performed in the mid-luteal phase. Endometrial parameters were assessed using Applebaum scoring to evaluate receptivity and predict implantation potential. Results: Women with recurrent pregnancy loss showed significantly lower total Applebaum scores compared to controls. Endometrial thickness, echogenicity, vascularity in zone 3, and uterine artery Doppler indices were notably reduced in the RPL group. A total Applebaum score below 14 was associated with lower implantation potential, with a sensitivity of 90.7% and specificity of 85%. Transvaginal sonographic Conclusion: evaluation using Applebaum scoring is a valuable, non-invasive tool for assessing endometrial receptivity. A lower Applebaum score is significantly associated with recurrent pregnancy loss and can aid in predicting implantation potential.