Comparative estimation of the use of modern bioproducts of the fsbsi arriamb on maize and grain sorghum productivity in the southern natural and agricultural part of the Rostov region

Field trials were conducted in 2020, 2021 and 2023 in the fields of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in the laboratory for cultivation technology of grain and row crops. The purpose of the current study was to identify the effect of bioproducts produced by the FSBSI ARRIAMB (St. Petersburg) on grain sorghum and maize productivity in the southern natural and agricultural part of the Rostov Region. The soils of the experimental plot were ordinary blackearth, heavy loamy, with 3.36% of humus in the arable layer, 7.0 pH, 24.4 of P 2 O 5 , 360 mg of K 2 O per kg of soil. The object of the study was the grain sorghum variety ‘Zernogradskoye 88’ and the maize hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 354MV’. In 2020 there was the lowest precipitation of 245 mm during the vegetation period and the highest amount of 368.0 mm was in 2021. The use of bioproducts produced by ARRIAMB contributed to an increase in field germination (2.2–2.8 % and 3.0–4.5 %) and plant survival for harvesting (1.9–2.9 % and 2.7–3.4 %) on grain sorghum and maize, respectively. As a result of improving yield structure elements, there was established an improvement of maize grain productivity by 0.33–0.45 t/ha and grain sorghum productivity by 0.35–0.43 t/ha. Also, the grain productivity increase, caused by bioproducts used on maize and grain sorghum, contributed to the cost increase of gross output by 3150–3870 rubles/ha and 3465–4725 rubles/ha, respectively. In the variants with the use of bioproducts, the lowest cost of grain (3208–3269 rubles/t) and the highest profitability (173.9–180.5 %) were established when cultivating grain sorghum.