Agroecological assesment of oat varieties in Perm region

The article presents the three-year results (2021–2023) of environmental testing of 32 oat varieties bred by the FARC of the North-East, the Ulyanovsk RIA, a branch of the SamRC of the RAS, and the Krasnoufimsk Breeding Center, a branch of the Ural FARCUB of the RAS in the soil and climatic conditions of the Perm Territory. The purpose of the current study was to determine the ecological adaptability of new oat varieties and lines that combine high productivity potential with grain quality and are adaptive to the soil and climatic conditions of the Perm Territory. The soil of the experimental plot was cultivated sod-podzolic heavy loamy. The oat productivity varied within 2.21–4.77 t/ha of hulled varieties and 1.29–3.37 t/ha of hulless varieties in 2021–2023. The grain productivity of oat varieties had a strong positive correlation (r = 0.98 p-0.05) with the HThC indicator. The value of 1000-grain weight trait varied from 23.1 to 39.2 g depending on the year. Large grain was formed by the varieties ‘Steyer’, ‘Azil’, and ‘Griva’. A large number of grain per panicle (44.2–37.5 pcs.) was formed by the varieties ‘Kirovsky 2’, ‘98-35’, ‘485/16’, ‘168/20’, ‘113/20’, ‘89-15’, ‘9h18’. The maximum panicle productivity among hulled varieties (1.55 g) was identified in the variety ‘98-35’; among hulless varieties it was 0.82–1.03 g given by the varieties ‘89-15’, ‘9h18’. On average, over 3 years, the varieties ‘98-35’, ‘485/16’, ‘168/20’, ‘57h2396’ turned to be the best ones. The grain nature weight indicator varied from 400 to 662 g/l depending on the year of study. In 2021–2023 there were obtained seeds with a germination rate of 82–99 %. The obtained seeds were of good quality in terms of purity, moisture content, disease and pest infestation, and did not contain seeds of cultivated and weed plants. A high level of profitability of 53–54 % was provided by he hulled varieties ‘Steyer’, ‘Blitz’, ‘Kirovsky’, ‘07-57’, ‘23h20’; 41–42 % was provide by the hulless varieties ’89-15’, ‘Griva’, ‘17h18’, ‘225h14’.