Analysis reveals metabolic risk factors correlate with increased mortality and disability from atrial fibrillation in diverse demographic groups.
Objectives Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) is increasingly correlated with metabolic risk factors. This study analyzed mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), annual percentage changes (APCs), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), stratified by age, sex, Socio-demographic Index (SDI), and region, to evaluate the global burden of AF/AFL linked to metabolic risk factors. Methods Data on prevalence, incidence, mortality, DALYs, and age-standardized rates (ASRs) for AF/AFL associated with metabolic risk factors were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. EAPCs were used to assess temporal trends in ASRs. Results In 2021, metabolic risk factors were correlated with approximately 117,012 deaths and 2,881,800 DALYs globally due to AF/AFL, reflecting increases of 196.08% and 154.51%, respectively, compared to 1990. The burden varied considerably by sex, SDI, and region. Women, older adults, and high-SDI regions exhibited higher burdens, while men, younger individuals, and low-SDI regions showed more rapid increases. Conclusions Metabolic risk factors are strongly correlated with the global burden of AF/AFL. Strengthening cost-effective interventions targeting these modifiable risks is essential—particularly in regions facing high or rapidly growing burdens.
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Wang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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