Chilaiditi Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient: An Undiagnosed Case in Recurrent Respiratory Symptoms

Background/Aims: Chilaiditi Syndrome is a rare anatomical condition characterized by the interposition of the bowel between the liver and diaphragm, often presenting with non-specific respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. This report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges of Chilaiditi Syndrome in pediatric patients and emphasize the importance of radiographic evaluation in cases of recurrent, unexplained symptoms. Case Presentation: We present a 5-year-old male patient with recurrent respiratory and abdominal symptoms who had been treated for extended periods with diagnoses of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and pneumonia. Despite receiving bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and antibiotics, the patient’s symptoms persisted. Comprehensive imaging studies, including chest and abdominal radiographs and ultrasonography, were performed to identify potential anatomical abnormalities. Discussion/Conclusion: Although rare, Chilaiditi syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with recurrent and unexplained respiratory or abdominal symptoms. Radiological assessment plays a critical role in achieving accurate diagnosis and preventing unnecessary treatments. This case underscores the importance of raising clinical awareness and not overlooking rare anatomical conditions in the pediatric population.