Microgrid Operation Integrating Solar Energy Stochasticity and Intraday Markets with Market Power Penalties

The microgrids operation can experience significant variations due to the volatile nature of renewable resources. Studying uncertainty in microgrids is important for improving generation reliability under market power constraints. In current literature, uncertainty statistics reduce computational cost by focusing on the most probable scenarios. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the microgrid planning aspects, taking into account the stochastic nature of photovoltaic generation and intraday markets. The analysis considers constraints such as market concentration and non-essential generation. Solar photovoltaic generation has been analysed in the case study, which includes intraday markets, energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and battery swapping stations. The study considers market power indicators such as the indexes of Herfindahl-Hirschman and the three largest bidders. Technical analyses reveal trends in the integration of renewable energy, highlighting the avoidance of additional costs associated with losses from the implementation of intraday market and the exercise of market power.