Abstract This study numerically explores the combined effects of flow modulation and Joule heating inside a hexagonal enclosure composed of seawater influenced by an external magnetic field. The cold upper wall of the cavity moves horizontally at a uniform speed, while a rotating thermally conductive circular cylinder is introduced as a flow modulation device to facilitate local vortices? formation. The numerical procedure is conducted utilizing the Galerkin Finite Element method to resolve the governing equations for both flow and thermal fields. The mixed convection phenomenon is modeled through the Richardson number (0.1 = Ri = 10), whereas the cylinder's rotation is devised by a variable speed ratio (-3 = O = 3). The effect of the magnetic field on the system's hydrodynamics is examined via the analysis of various Hartmann numbers (50 = Ha = 100) and Joule heating parameters (J). The model characteristics have been evaluated for streamlines and isotherms, Nusselt numbers, and average temperature. Outcomes demonstrate that the simultaneous influence of the rotating cylinder and the moving top wall dictates the hydrodynamics of the system, achieving up to 137% thermal enhancement. The system's heat transfer is enhanced by buoyancy force, although this effect diminishes with stronger magnetic fields, which stabilize the fluid flow while reducing thermal efficacy. The performance of the rotating flow modulator is the most effective in the forced convection region (0.1 = Ri = 0.4) under a moderately strong magnetic field (Ha = 70). Findings can be instrumental in designing marine cooling systems requiring flow stabilization.
Mohsin et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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