Artificial Sweetener Use in Hungary: A Cross-Sectional Study on Socioeconomic and Health Disparities from a Public Health Perspective

Background/Objectives: The use of artificial sweeteners (AS) is increasing globally despite growing evidence suggesting potential health risks. This study investigates the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with AS use in the Hungarian population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2019 European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), comprising 5603 participants. AS users were identified based on self-reported use of AS. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between regular AS use and demographic, socioeconomic, and health variables. Interaction terms were included to explore potential effect modification. Results: AS use was reported by 20.1% of participants. Older adults, individuals with overweight or obesity, and those reporting poorer self-perceived health were more likely to use AS. AS use was also higher among individuals in lower and middle-income quintiles. Interaction analyses revealed that overweight and obese individuals with the lowest income, as well as older adults in poor health, were particularly likely to use AS. Conclusions: The findings highlight disparities in AS use across age, income, BMI, and health status, raising concerns about the public’s perception of AS as a healthier alternative. Public health strategies should focus on increasing awareness of the potential risks and encourage evidence-based dietary choices.