Root coverage using the tunneling technique: a clinical case report

Gingival recession is considered a periodontal condition of multifactorial etiology. Its occurrence is frequently associated with a combination of factors, rather than a single isolated element. Among the causal factors, the presence of bone dehiscence and thin gingival biotype are highlighted as predisposing factors. Other factors that can favor the apical migration of the free gingival margin and consequent root exposure include thin bone plate, frena and bands, traumatic brushing, and traumatic occlusion. This condition can negatively impact the aesthetic standard, cause dentin hypersensitivity, hinder oral hygiene, and, in more advanced cases, lead to tooth loss. This case report aimed to describe the methodology of root coverage using the tunneling technique with a subepithelial connective tissue graft. A 37-year-old female patient, presenting with Miller Class II gingival recession located in the lower incisors, underwent periodontal surgery for root coverage using the tunneling technique with a subepithelial connective tissue graft from the palate region. The choice of this technique was based on its predictability and safety, as it maintains intact papillae, which favors gingival and dental aesthetics, thus providing efficient root coverage. After three months of postoperative follow-up, an excellent final aesthetic result was obtained, with the reestablishment of typical gingival coloration, adequate positioning of the gingival margin, and a decrease in dentin hypersensitivity. The clinical case reported here demonstrated effectiveness in covering gingival recessions, meeting the patient's expectations, and the professional's objective.