Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy after Cadaveric Dura Mater Transplantation to an Intact Brain Surface: A Case Report

Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a rare yet clinically relevant condition that may develop decades after cadaveric dura mater transplantation. We present the case of a 48-year-old man who experienced recurrent, bilateral, multilobar intracerebral hemorrhages approximately 40 years after childhood dura mater transplantation. Pathological examination confirmed amyloid β protein deposition around small cerebral blood vessels in the brain parenchyma. Genetic testing excluded mutations associated with hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy. According to the patient's operative record, at age 7 years, a left parietal bone tumor and the adjacent dura mater were removed, and a cadaveric dural patch was transplanted onto the intact brain surface. This case suggests that exogenous amyloid β protein can be transmitted through cadaveric dura mater, even when placed on intact brain tissue with preserved glymphatic and dural lymphatic drainage function, manifesting decades after transplantation.