Behavioral improvements through CICO: Insights from a pilot study in Romanian primary schools

Check-In, Check-Out (CICO) is a targeted behavioral intervention designed for students with more significant social and academic needs, who may not respond as effectively to broader preventive programs like School-Wide Positive Behavioral Supports. This study aimed to (i) assess the effectiveness of CICO at the primary student level as part of a multi-tiered support system that addresses and reduces disruptive behaviors, (ii) determine whether these adaptations could be implemented with high fidelity and evaluate if high fidelity was associated with improvements in student behavior. Using a single-case research methodology design, the study involved three Romanian schools, and eight students, supported by three teachers, in the implementation of Tier 2 CICO interventions. Structured daily routines and clear behavioral expectations were established. Findings suggested that CICO was particularly effective during the first 3 weeks, with most children meeting behavioral expectations, likely due to the intensified positive behavior support provided by teachers. The paper discusses the implementation experience of CICO in Romanian primary schools and its implications for future practice.