A review of effects of visual landscape and soundscape perception on elderly walking intentions: Case studies in urban residential neighborhood

This systematic literature review aims to assess the effects of visual landscapes and soundscape environments on elderly people's intention to walk in urban residential areas. The findings summarize and discuss various visual features, such as environmental greening and exterior beautification, as well as sound features, focusing on the restorative properties of natural sounds and noise phobia. Perceived risks, such as inadequate lighting and the walkability of environments, are identified as significant factors influencing elderly mobility. The spatial impact of sound emphasizes the integration of both visual and auditory design elements. The results show that coordinated visual and auditory stimuli enhance walking intentions, while disharmonious sounds reduce the desire to move. Based on studies conducted in different urban settings, this review consolidates qualitative findings and offers best-practice advice for policymakers and urban planners. The results suggest a need for multi-sensory, elder-accessible designs that foster movement, improve mood, and encourage social interactions in urban environments for older adults. Future research should focus on experimental investigations into sensory integration and cross-cultural studies to expand the knowledge base for urban planning practices.