Point Cloud Generation Method Based on Dual-Prism Scanning with Multi-Parameter Optimization

This study addresses two critical challenges in biprism-based laser scanning systems: the lack of a comprehensive mathematical framework linking prism parameters to scanning performance, and unresolved theoretical gaps regarding parameter effects on point cloud quality. We propose a multi-parameter optimization method for point cloud generation using dual-prism scanning. By establishing a beam pointing mathematical model, we systematically analyze how prism wedge angles, refractive indices, rotation speed ratios, and placement configurations influence scanning performance, revealing their coupled effects on deflection angles, azimuth control, and coverage. The non-paraxial ray tracing method combined with the Möller–Trumbore algorithm enables efficient point cloud simulation. Experimental results demonstrate that our optimized parameters significantly enhance point cloud density, uniformity, and target feature integrity while overcoming limitations of traditional database construction methods. This work provides both theoretical foundations and practical solutions for high-precision 3D reconstruction in high-speed rendezvous scenarios such as missile-borne laser fuzes, offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and operational reliability.