Research on Safety Vulnerability Assessment of Subway Station Construction Based on Evolutionary Resilience Perspective

With the continuous increase in urban population, the subway is the main way to alleviate traffic congestion. However, the construction environment of subway stations is complex, and the safety risks are extremely high. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to scientifically and systematically evaluate the safety vulnerability of subway station construction. This paper takes the Chengdu subway project as an example, and establishes a metro station construction safety vulnerability evaluation index system based on the driving forces–pressures–state–impacts–responses (DPSIR) theory with 5 first-level indexes and 23 second-level indexes, and adopts the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method (FAHP) to calculate the subjective weights, and the improved Harris Hawks optimization–projection pursuit method (HHO-PPM) to determine the objective weights, combined with game theory to calculate the comprehensive weights of the indicators, and finally uses the improved cloud model of Bayesian feedback to determine the vulnerability level of subway station construction safety. The study found that the combined empowerment–improvement cloud model assessment method is reliable, and the case study verifies that the vulnerability level of the project is “very low risk”, and the investigations of safety hazards and the pressure of surrounding traffic are the key influencing factors, allowing for the proposal of more scientific and effective management strategies for the construction of subway stations.