Prevalence of Anaemia Among Reproductive Age Women in Sargodha, Pakistan

Background: Anaemia is a significant public health concern globally, particularly affecting women of reproductive age. In Pakistan, the burden is significant due to nutritional deficiencies and limited health resources. This study was initiated to investigate the prevalence of anaemia among adult women in the Sargodha District, Punjab. Objective: To determine the prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) residing in Sargodha District, Punjab, Pakistan. Method: This observational, cross-sectional study was designed to assess the prevalence and severity of anaemia in the target population. The study was conducted in various healthcare facilities and households across different urban and rural areas of Sargodha District. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire administered to women aged 15–49. Haemoglobin levels were measured to confirm anaemia status, with anaemia classified as haemoglobin (Hb) <11 g/dL. Severity was categorised as mild (Hb 8–11 g/dL) and severe (Hb <8 g/dL). Results: Out of 473 women surveyed, 199 were identified as potentially anaemic through preliminary oral interviews. Laboratory investigations confirmed anaemia in 194 participants (41% prevalence). Among them, 164 had mild anaemia, while 30 were classified with severe anaemia. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly of iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid, were identified as major contributing factors. Conclusion: Anaemia is highly prevalent among reproductive-age women in Sargodha, with significant implications for maternal health. These findings underscore the region's urgent need for targeted nutritional interventions and public health strategies.