Interventional endoscopy in esophageal subepithelial tumors

The aim of the study - evaluate the one center results of endoscopic interventions in patients with esophageal submucosal tumors. Materials and methods. From 2017 to 2024, endoscopic interventions for esophageal subepithelial tumors were performed in 72 patients: endoscopic dissection of the neoplasm in 3 patients, tunnel endoscopic interventions were performed in 67 patients aged 18 to 67 years (mean age 47.45 ± 12.2 years) (women - 45, men 27). Results. The duration of the tunnel surgery ranged from 45 to 210 minutes (on average 116.56 minutes). The tumors were completely removed. When the tumor was localized in the II echo layer, the duration of the intervention did not exceed 30 minutes. We had difficulties in treatment 7 patients with pleximorphic tumors. The intervention plan was changed in 3 cases - the tumors were removed and clipping of mucosa defect was perfomed. Fragmentation of the tumor before its extraction was used in 7 cases with tumor sizes of more than 4 cm. We didn’t have complications during the operation and postoperative period. In all cases, the tumors were completely removed. According to the results of pathomorphological and immunohistochemical studies, leiomyoma was diagnosed in 68-94.44% of patients, gastrointestinal stromal tumor with a high mitotic index in 2 (2.77%), and Abrikosov tumor in 2 (2.77%). Conclusions. Interventions for submucosal tumors of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction are highly effective and safe. Endoscopic ultrasound examination is mandatory to tumor visualization, determine the true size, the esophageal wall layer. It always allows to determine the true type of tumor. Safe use of tunnel endoscopic interventions is possible for tumors larger than 4 cm with isolat