This review highlights risk factors for ATLL and other health impacts of HTLV-1 in communities, suggesting improved screening strategies.
Key Points
HTLV-1 is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a condition with a median survival of under one year.
The estimated lifetime risks for ATLL and HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in carriers are 3-5% and 0.25-1.8%, respectively.
Meta-analysis indicates HTLV-1 carriers face a 57% increased risk of early mortality from various diseases, including cardiovascular conditions.
Community-informed research can enhance our understanding of HTLV-1's full spectrum and its impact on health, especially in at-risk populations.