Evaluating the quality of TikTok videos on alopecia areata: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Introduction Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that results in hair loss and affects quality of life. With TikTok emerging as a major platform for health-related information, concerns about the spread of misinformation have arisen. This study evaluates the quality of AA content on TikTok, aiming to promote accurate, evidence-based content. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the quality and accuracy of “most liked” AA-related content on TikTok. Videos were categorized as healthcare providers (HP) or non-healthcare providers (NHP). Two reviewers independently assessed the videos, using validated tools - PEMAT, mDISCERN, VIQI, GQS, and a novel tool developed for this study, 'AloCheck'. Results Of 179 videos reviewed, 93 met the inclusion criteria and only 26% were created by HPs. These videos scored higher across all quality metrics; mDISCERN (3.0 vs. 1.5, p<0.01), GQS (3.5 vs. 1.5, p<0.01), VIQI (13.75 vs. 11.0, p<0.01), and PEMAT A/V (≥10: 66.7% vs. 26.1%, p<0.01). HPs focused more on clinical aspects (87.5% vs. 40.6%, p<0.01), while NHPs emphasized body image (37.5% vs 63.8%, P=0.02). Conclusion Findings reveal a gap between quality and user engagement, highlighting the risk of disseminating misleading information. Bridging this gap is essential to support the delivery of accurate and engaging health information to the public.