The design of an inductive current divider for controlling the trajectory of an intense hollow electron beam

This study presents conceptual designs for an inductive current divider (ICD) to control intense, hollow electron beams. Advanced simulations account for complex interactions between charged particles and electromagnetic fields. By adjusting inductances in the ICD's return current paths, simulations show that the beam can be steered in a wide range of directions. Magnetic materials can make the device more compact. The study shows that different designs with similar inductance ratios achieve similar beam control, offering flexibility in experimental design. The role of ions in the diode and the ICD is also investigated using a model for stimulated ion emission (SIE). Theoretical results suggest that beam pinching in the diode occurs when the SIE fraction exceeds 0.35% for an 8 MV voltage. Simulations confirm that the onset of pinching occurs when SIE is between 0.2% and 0.5%. Above 0.5%, the beam is strongly focused inward and the ICD responds by diverting more return current to the inner post. This creates a magnetic field that pushes the beam outward. When SIE values exceed 1.0%, the beam is severely pinched in the diode, resulting in significant current loss to the inner post of the ICD. These findings provide insights into the complex interactions between electron beams, ions, and electromagnetic fields, which can inform the design of future experiments.