Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Propofol and Sevoflurane on Coagulation and Immune System Function in Patients Undergoing Radical Surgery for Colon Cancer

To compare the effects of intravenous anesthesia with propofol and inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane on coagulation and immune system function in patients undergoing radical surgery for colon cancer. The following were compared between the two groups: blood rheology indicators [plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI), erythrocyte deformability index (EDI)], coagulation function indicators [prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer (D-D), fibrinogen (FIB)], humoral immune function indicators [immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG)], cellular immune function indicators [CD4+, CD8+, natural killer cells (NK)], postoperative recovery, and postoperative complications. ① Blood Rheology Indicators: At 60 minutes after anesthesia induction, PV, EAI, and EDI levels in both groups decreased compared to pre-anesthesia levels (P < 0.05), with no significant differences between the two groups at the same time point (P > 0.05). ② Coagulation Function Indicators: At 1 day postoperatively, D-D and FIB levels increased compared to 1 day preoperatively, with Group A showing less pronounced changes than Group B (P < 0.05). ③ Humoral Immune Function Indicators: In Group A, humoral immune indicators showed no significant changes at 1 day postoperatively compared to 1 day preoperatively (P > 0.05). In Group B, IgM and IgG levels decreased at 1 day postoperatively compared to 1 day preoperatively and were lower than those in Group A at the same time point (P < 0.05). ④ Cellular Immune Function Indicators: At 1 day postoperatively, CD4+, CD8+, and NK cell levels decreased in both groups compared to 1 day preoperatively. Propofol and sevoflurane have similar effects on perioperative blood rheology in colon cancer patients. However, propofol has a lesser impact on coagulation and immune function compared to sevoflurane, making it more effective in promoting postoperative recovery and reducing the risk of related postoperative complications.