Progress of Clinical Research on Immunotherapies for Liver Cancer

In recent years, immunotherapy has made a breakthrough in the treatment of liver cancer. Immunotherapy, as a novel precision-targeted treatment for tumors, is gaining significance in the clinical management of liver cancer. It not only substantially enhances patients' quality of life but also emerges as the most promising strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) when combined with other systemic or local therapies, owing to its ongoing application and development in this context. Several immunotherapy drugs have already entered large-scale clinical trials. This paper reviews recent developments in immunotherapy for liver cancer. The findings indicate that liver cancer treatment has progressed into a novel phase of immunotherapy. From the perspective of the entire process of tumor immunity, improving the cytotoxicity of immune cells and exploring the mechanism of cell death are expected to become key breakthrough areas in the next stage.