A Comparative Study of Monopolar Hook Versus Harmonic Scalpel in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a widely performed procedure for gallbladder disease, with advancements in surgical instruments enhancing patient outcomes. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Monopolar Hook and Harmonic Scalpel in terms of intraoperative parameters, surgical outcomes, and complications. Materials And Methods: A prospective, comparative study was conducted on 106 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, divided into Group 1 (Monopolar Hook, n = 53) and Group 2 (Harmonic Scalpel, n = 53). Patient demographics, intraoperative variables (blood loss, operative time, complications), and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Statistical significance was set at P< 0.05. Results: The Harmonic Scalpel group had significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (39.64 ± 33.87 ml vs. 49.74 ± 12.55 ml, P = 0.04). Gallbladder perforation (5.67% vs. 13.20%, P = 0.03) and bile spillage (0% vs. 7.54%, P = 0.05) were significantly lower in the Harmonic Scalpel group. Conclusion: The Harmonic Scalpel demonstrated superior hemostatic control, lower gallbladder perforation, and reduced bile spillage, though operative time differences were not significant. It may be a preferable alternative for laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to its improved intraoperative safety and outcomes.