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September 10, 2025Blood ReviewsOpen Access

Old tests and new paradigms: How to interpret iron studies and related biomarkers for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in adults

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This analysis explores iron deficiency diagnosis tools and highlights the role of serum ferritin and inflammation.

Clinicians face challenges in diagnosing iron deficiency due to the complexities of iron homeostasis and inflammation.
Serum ferritin is the most specific test for iron deficiency, providing clear diagnostic utility when interpreted contextually.
Misinterpretation and inconsistent guidelines can lead to missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment for non-anemic iron deficiency.
Limited evidence exists for serum ferritin cut-offs, presenting an ongoing challenge in establishing universally accepted reference intervals.

Kriel et al. (2025) studied this question.

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