Composite Restoration Longevity in Children with Early Childhood Caries: A Retrospective Study

Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a prevalent and aggressive form of dental decay affecting young children. Composite resin restorations are a common treatment choice, but their long-term success in young patients remains variable. Objective: To evaluate the longevity of composite restorations in children with ECC and identify factors associated with restoration survival or failure. Methods: This retrospective study included 90 pediatric patients with ECC who received composite restorations. Restoration survival was assessed through chart reviews and clinical evaluations. Data on restoration type, tooth location, caries severity, oral hygiene status, and follow-up duration were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to determine survival rates and factors influencing restoration longevity. Results: Out of 270 restorations in 90 children, 73.3% remained intact after 24 months. Anterior restorations had higher survival (81.9%) compared to posterior (64.4%, P = 0.01). Good oral hygiene and low caries risk were significantly associated with better outcomes ( P < 0.001). The most common failure cause was fracture (38.9%). Conclusion: Composite restorations in young children show moderate longevity, with survival strongly influenced by tooth location, oral hygiene, and initial caries risk. Emphasizing preventive care and regular follow-ups is critical to enhancing restoration success in children with ECC.