Profile of Prematurity in Tobruk Medical Center Risk Factors, Complications, and Outcome 2017-2018

Preterm birth is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity and has long-term adverse consequences for health. The main target in our study is to determine the risk factors,complications, outcome and incidence of prematurity in Tobruk Medical Center. This prospective study was conducted on174 preterm neonates which delivered at Tobruk Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from January 2017 to January 2018. The 174preterm newborns were aged between 28 to 36 weeks .The main risk factor is maternal(48%), fetal (24%) and idiopathic (20%) .The maternal risk factors for preterm delivery were(27.5%) with premature rupture of membranes, (23.5%) urinary tract infection, (13.2%) with vaginal infection,(13.2%) idiopathic,(12.6%) have bleeding,(10.9%) hypertensive, (9.7%) diabetic and(1%) other causes. The complications present were respiratory(33.9%), sepsis(22.9%), apnea (17.8%) ,metabolic(8.6%), central nervous system (6.8%), congenital malformation (6.8%), and gastro intestinal complication was (0.5%).Outcome was 126 discharged(72.4%), 44 died (25.2%), and 4 transferred (2.2% ), cause of death was 85% respiratory, 14% sepsis, and1% GIT ( necrotizing enterocolitis) .This study found that the incidence of prematurity was 22.8% in Tobruk Medical Center during one year.The predominant risk factor for prematurity was maternal and the respiratory was the most common complication.