Observational analysis shows chemical diversity in essential oils at different phenological stages, indicating variations in antioxidant and insecticidal properties.
The effects of phenological stages on the composition, antioxidant, insecticidal and allelopathic properties of essential oils (EOs) obtained from the aerial parts of Thymus maroccanus Ball. Were studied. The GC-MS analysis identified that analyzed EOs were dominated by carvacrol (63.70 - 68.19 %) followed by p-cymene (6.09 - 9.67 %) and γ-terpinene (3.67 - 8.49 %). When carvacrol and p-cymene increased progressively from the lowest values (63.70% and 6.09%) at the pre-flowering stage to reach the highest ones (68.19% and 9.67%) at post-flowering stage, γ-terpinene decreased gradually from the highest proportion (8.49%) to reach its lowest one (3.67%). EO from post-flowering aerial parts showed higher scavenging ability on DPPH radicals (% inhibition: 25.19 - 95.75 %; IC50 = 0.26 mg/mL), contrast, essential oil from pre-flowering stage exhibited the highest Fe3+ reducing power ability (Absorbance: 0.329 - 0.812; IC50 = 0.14 mg/mL). Insecticidal properties showed no substantial difference between T. maroccanus EO extracted at different growth stages. The LD50 and LD90 values were ranged from 0.15 to 0.17 µL/cm2, and from 0.37 to 0.47 µL/cm2, respectively in contact assays, as well as from 318.93 to 362.84 µL/L air, and from 725.08 to 739.12 µL/L air, respectively in fumigant assays. The results indicated that allelopathic activity of EOsnot greatly affected by growth developmental stages.
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Aljaiyash et al. (2021) studied this question.
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