This study investigated the clinical significance of rods and rings (RR) immunofluorescence patterns in antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing by analyzing their clinical associations. A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted between January 2022 and December 2023, examining cases with RR patterns in ANA testing. Among 40 cases (0.5%) showing RR patterns, 35% coincided with autoimmune diseases, 25% with infections, and 22.5% with other inflammatory conditions. In specimens with high-intensity fluorescence, 45% were as-sociated with infections, and 18% with autoimmune diseases. Elevated inflammatory markers were observed in 54.5% of cases with inflammatory manifestations. The findings suggest that RR patterns in ANA testing may serve as potential indicators of underlying inflammatory processes.
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Cho et al. (2025) studied this question.
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