[Silent α-Thalassemia Complicated with the Alcohol-Induced Secondary Ring Sideroblastic Anemia].

To explore the characteristics of laboratory examination of secondary sideroblastic anemia (SA). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general information of a case of alcohol-induced secondary SA, and relevant domestic and foreign literature was reviewed to summarize the clinical characteristics of this disease. The patient was diagnosed with microcytic hypochromic anemia, with abnormal red blood cells detected, such as elliptocytes, target cells, and teardrop cells, etc. Iron overload and more than 15% of ring sideroblasts were detected by Perls' Prussian blue staining of bone marrow smear, while periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining, EGR1 and SF3B1 gene tests were all negative, and rare genotype of Hong Kong α-thalassemia (possibly HKαα/αα or HKαα/-α3.7) was observed. Patient medical history and medication history, peripheral blood and bone marrow cytological morphology, genetic testing, cytogenetics, etc. are helpful for the diagnosis of secondary SA.