Analysis of Speech Errors in the Impromptu Speech among English Majors: Taking Yantai Institute of Technology as an Example

Speech errors refer to the “abnormal” language, which is grammatically or syntactically incorrect, produced by learners during oral communication due to nervousness or pressure. These errors mainly involve pronunciation and sentence construction mistakes. In the context of globalization, where international communication is increasingly frequent, speech errors can lead to communication difficulties or misunderstandings. Although psycholinguistics research has been growing, the number of studies on its branch, speech errors, has been decreasing in recent years. Under the guidance of Clark & Clark’s theory of speech errors, this research takes the corpora of 2024 “FLTRP·ETIC Cup” English Public Speaking Contest held by Yantai Institute of Technology as the research object. It analyses the types, frequencies, and reasons of speech errors in impromptu speech contests of English majors, and attempts to put forward some corresponding solutions. The study found that currently most frequent types of speech errors include filled pauses, silent pauses, and repeats. Negative native language transfer, inadequate comprehensive foreign language abilities, and anxiety about unfamiliar topics are the main reasons for speech errors. Therefore, students should actively learn the culture of English-speaking countries and practice oral output. For teachers, it is essential to create a conducive English learning environment to improve the speaking and oral communication skills of English major students and enhance their language confidence.